You may have faced times when your employer asked you to take training at work when you start a new job, had new systems introduced at work, or changes in industry standards. These cases may require training.
Whatever the reason, training can be time-consuming and sometimes tedious. But can your employer ask you to take training without pay? The short answer is no.
In Canada, once you become an employee, your employer cannot require you to take unpaid training. If you need training for your job, your employer must pay you at least minimum wage. This includes overtime pay if it applies. This includes everything from job shadowing on your first day to learning new skills that allow you to perform your job.
What is the difference between mandatory and voluntary training?
There are two main types of workplace training: mandatory and voluntary.
Mandatory training is required by the law or company policies. You must complete this type of training to keep your job. It helps employees stay updated on safety procedures and regulations, helping prevent accidents. Employers usually must pay for this training.
Voluntary training is not required but may be offered as part of the employer’s benefits package. Employees can choose whether they participate. Voluntary training allows employees to improve their skills and knowledge and can be a great way to further their careers. Employers are not obligated to compensate employees for this type of training.
Is training without pay legal?
Many employers offer their employees the opportunity to participate in training courses. Training can help employees learn new skills or to brush up on existing ones. While some employers may require their employees to participate in training, others may simply offer them as voluntary opportunities.
In Alberta, employers must pay employees for any mandatory training. This includes training during work hours and even outside regular shifts if it’s required. If a training session lasts less than three hours, the company must pay employees for at least three hours of work.
However, if the training is optional and not related to the employee’s job, employers don’t have to pay for that time. Employers also can’t deduct training costs from an employee’s paycheck unless the employee agrees in writing.
When can training be unpaid in Alberta?
In most cases, employers must pay for training. However, there are some exceptions. The biggest exception occurs if you haven’t received an employment offer. Employers don’t have to pay if:
- You’re gaining the qualifications needed to be considered for the job.
- You agree to complete training on your own time and expense as a condition of hire.
- A test or training is part of the hiring process.
- If you agreed on specific training or education with your employer in advance.
If you’re considering unpaid training, discuss it with your employer beforehand and confirm the details. To protect your rights, reach out to your Teamsters 987 Business Agent for guidance.
What’s the difference between unpaid training and volunteering?
Volunteering means offering your time without expecting pay, usually for a charity, non-profit, or community organization. Unpaid training, on the other hand, is when an employer provides instruction related to a job. The difference is that volunteers don’t perform work that directly benefits a for-profit business.
When volunteering is legitimate vs. unlawful unpaid work
Legitimate Volunteering: You freely offer your time to a non-profit or community cause with no expectation of pay.
Unlawful Unpaid Work: If a for-profit business benefits from your work without paying you, it’s likely illegal. Training should never involve tasks that replace paid employees.
Red flags in job postings
Watch out for phrases like:
“Great opportunity to gain experience—unpaid!”
“Looking for a dedicated worker to help grow our business (volunteer role).”
“Interns must complete a trial period before being hired.”
If a job posting sounds like unpaid work disguised as “training” or “volunteering,” ask questions and know your rights. When in doubt, reach out to Teamsters 987 for advice.
What are my options if I don’t want to take unpaid training?
When employers require unpaid training, it can feel like you have no choice—but you do have rights.
First, determine if the training is mandatory or voluntary:
If it’s mandatory, check whether you’re entitled to be paid. Some employers must pay workers at least minimum wage for their training, even if they label it as unpaid.
If it’s voluntary, you have the choice to decline without consequences.
Always keep track of the hours you spend in training. If your employer assigns unpaid training that should receive payment, you should file a complaint to recover your wages.
Need Further Support?
If you’re unsure about your rights or need help filing a complaint, Teamsters 987 is here to support you. Contact us today to get the guidance you need.
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